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Family:
Orobanchaceae Life
> eukaryotes >
Archaeoplastida >
Chloroplastida
>
Charophyta > Streptophytina > Plantae (land plants)
> Tracheophyta (vascular plants) > Euphyllophyta > Lignophyta (woody plants)
> Spermatophyta (seed plants) > Angiospermae (flowering
plants) > Eudicotyledons > Core Eudicots > Asterids
> Euasterid I > Order: Lamiales
There are 99 genera and 2061 species (nearly worldwide), with
15 genera and 113 species native to southern Africa. There is an additional
one genus and two species naturalised, and an additional three genera and three species cultivated in
southern Africa. Members of the Orobanchaceae were previously included under the
Scrophulariaceae.
The Orobanchaceae was
created to hold some parasitic genera from the Scrophulariaceae (e.g.
Harveya and Orobanche) but with recent studies on the
Scrophulariaceae and related families, many genera have been transferred from
Scrophulariaceae to the Orobanchaceae (see Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
for summary and details of these recent studies).
Genera native to southern Africa
Information from Smithies (2000) and Smithies and Ready
(2003).
Alectra About 40 species, native to Asia and
Africa, with about 21 species native to southern Africa. |
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Bartsia The 49 species, native mainly to
South America, but also in Europe, Asia, North America and Africa. One
species, Bartsia trixago, in southern Africa, possibly
introduced. |
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Buchnera
About 100 species, mainly occurring in
the Old World tropics and subtropics, with 27 species native to
southern Africa.
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Buttonia
Three species, native to tropical and southern Africa, two of which are
native to southern Africa. |
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Cycnium A total of 15
species, native from East Africa to southern Africa, with four species
native to
southern Africa. |
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Gerardiina One species,
Gerardiina
angolensis, native to tropical and southern Africa. |
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Graderia Five species,
native to Africa and Socotra, with three species native to southern Africa. |
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Harveya About 40 species,
native to Africa and the Mascarene Islands, with about 25 species in
southern Africa. |
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Hiernia One species,
Hiernia
angolensis, native to Angola and Namibia. |
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Hyobanche About
seven species,
endemic to southern Africa. |
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Melasma Five species,
native to Africa and America, with two species, Melasma calcyinum
(recorded from Zimbabwe) and Melasma scabrum,
native to southern Africa. |
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Micrargeria One
species native to southern Africa - Micrargeria filiformis (recorded
from Zimbabwe). See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Rhamphicarpa Six species,
native mainly to Africa, but also India and Australia. Two species are
native to southern Africa. |
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Sopubia About 35-30
species, native to Asia and Africa, with seven species in southern Africa. |
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Striga About 40 species,
native to Africa, Asia and Australia, with about nine species in southern
Africa. |
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Genera naturalised in southern Africa
Information from Smithies (2000).
Orobanche About 150
species, widely distributed. Two species, Orobanche ramosa and Orobanche minor (Lesser
broomrape, Clover broomrape, Klawerbesemraap, Bremraap) (see
Flora of Zimbabwe), are introduced weeds in southern Africa. The
latter species is a declared
Category 1 invasive plant in South Africa. |
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Other genera, cultivated in southern Africa
Information from Glen (2002).
Castilleja miniata (Scarlet paintbrush)
Native to western USA.
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Pedicularis
One unknown species cultivated in southern Africa. |
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Rehmannia
There are about six species, native to China and Korea. One species, Rehmannia elata, is cultivated in
southern Africa. |
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Publications
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Smithies, S.J. 2000. Scrophulariaceae. In: Seed Plants of
Southern Africa (ed. O.A. Leistner). Strelitzia 10: 508-537.
National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
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Smithies, S.J. and Ready, J.A. 2003. Orobanchaceae. In
Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds), Plants of southern Africa: an
annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 755-762. National Botanical
Institute, Pretoria.
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