home   about   search

biodiversity explorer

the web of life in southern Africa

Genus: Pinus (pines)

Life > eukaryotes > Archaeoplastida > Chloroplastida > Charophyta > Streptophytina > Plantae (land plants) > Tracheophyta (vascular plants) > Euphyllophyta > Lignophyta (woody plants) > Spermatophyta (seed plants) > Gymnospermae > Coniferophyta > Pinaceae

Pinus patula plantation near Underberg in KwaZulu-Natal. [photo H. Robertson, Iziko ©]

The 80 or so species are native to the northern hemisphere. About 69 species have been cultivated in southern Africa, of which eight have become naturalised.

Species naturalised or cultivated in southern Africa

Information from Glen (2002).

Pinus arizonica (Arizona pine)

Native to the USA and Mexico.

 

Pinus attenuata (Knobcone pine)

Native to western USA.

 

Pinus ayacahuite (Mexican white pine, Acalote)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus banksiana (Jack pine)

Native to Canada.

 

Pinus canariensis (Canary pine)

Native to the Canary Islands. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)

Native to the Caribbean.

 

Pinus cembroides (Mexican stone pine, Piñon pine)

Native to Mexico and the USA.

 

Pinus contorta (Lodgepole pine, Shore pine)

Native to the USA and Canada.

 

Pinus coulteri (Coulter pine)

Native to the USA.

 

Pinus densiflora (Japanese pine)

Native to China, Japan and Korea.

 

Pinus devoniana (Michoacan pine)

Native to Mexico and Guatemala.

 

Pinus durangensis (Ocote)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus echinata (Shortleaf pine)

Native to the USA.

 

Pinus elliottii (Slash pine)

Native to the USA. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus engelmannii (Apache pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus flexilis (Limber pine)

Native to the USA and Canada.

 

Pinus gerardiana (Gerard's pine)

Native to the western Himalayas.

 

Pinus glabra (Spruce pine)

Native to the eastern USA.

 

Pinus greggii (Gregg's pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine, Calabrian pine)

Native to the eastern Mediterranean. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus hartwegii (Hartweg pine)

Native to central America.

 

Pinus jeffreyi (Jeffrey pine)

Native to the western USA.

 

Pinus kesiya (Khasya pine)

Native to India, China and Thailand.

 

Pinus koraiensis (Korean pine)

Native to northeast Asia.

 

Pinus lambertiana (Sugar pine)

Native to the western USA.

 

Pinus lawsonii (Lawson pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus eiophylla (Smooth-leaved pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus leiophylla (Chihuahua pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus leucodermis (Bosnian pine)

Native to the Balkans.

 

Pinus luchuensis (Luchu pine, Okinawa pine)

Native to Japan.

 

Pinus lumholtzii (Pino triste)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus massoniana (Chinese red pine)

Native to China.

 

Pinus maximartinezii (Large Martίnez pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus maximinoi

Native to central America.

 

Pinus merkusii (Tenasserim pine)

Indigenous from Burma to Sumatra.

 

Pinus monophylla (Singleleaf piñon)

Native to the USA.

 

Pinus montezumae (Montezuma pine)

Native to Mexico and Guatemala.

 

Pinus monticola (Western white pine)

Native to the USA and Canada.

 

Pinus mugo (Dwarf mountain pine)

Native to the Alps in Europe.

 

Pinus muricata (Bishop pine)

Native to California.

 

Pinus nigra (Black pine)

Native to the Mediterranean region.

 

Pinus occidentalis (Cuban pine)

Native to Cuba and Hispaniola.

 

Pinus oocarpa (Pino, Pino prieto)

Native to central America.

 

Pinus palustris (Longleaf pine)

Native to southeastern USA.

 

Pinus patula (Patula pine, Jelecote pine)

Native to Mexico. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus pinaster (Cluster pine)

Indigenous from Italy through to Morocco. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus pinea (Stone pine, Umbrella pine)

Native to the northern Mediterranean and grown in South Africa, mainly as a suburban tree. The cones produce large edible nuts, which in the Western Cape are referred to as dennepitjies or simply pitjies. Children collect them, crack them open and eat the soft white kernel. Pine nuts are also used in middle eastern cooking.

Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa pine)

Native to the USA and Canada.

 

Pinus pringlei (Pringle pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus pseudostrobus (False weymouth pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus pungens (Table Mountain pine)

Native to the eastern USA.

 

Pinus radiata (Monterey pine, Radiata pine)

Native to California, USA. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus rigida (Pitch pine)

Native to the eastern USA.

 

Pinus roxburghii (Chir pine)

Native to the Himalayas. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus sabiniana (Digger pine)

Native to the western USA.

 

Pinus serotina (Pond pine)

Native to the southeastern USA.

 

Pinus strobiformis (Pinabete)

Native to Mexico and the USA.

 

Pinus strobus (Eastern white pine, Weymouth pine)

Native to Canada and the USA.

 

Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)

Native to Europe and western Siberia.

 

Pinus taeda (Loblolly pine)

Native to the southeastern USA. A declared Category 2 invader plant in South Africa.

 

Pinus taiwanensis (Formosa pine)

Native to Taiwan.

 

Pinus tecunumanii (Pino, Ocoto)

Indigenous from Guatemala through to Honduras.

 

Pinus teocote (Aztec pine)

Native to Mexico.

 

Pinus thunbergii (Japanese black pine, Kuro-matsu)

Native to Japan and South Korea.

 

Pinus torreyana (Torrey pine)

Native to California.

 

Pinus tropicalis

Native to Cuba.

 

Pinus uncinata (Mountain pine, Spirke)

Native to western Europe.

 

Pinus virginiana (Virginia pine)

Native to the eastern USA.

 

Pinus wallichiana (Bhutan pine)

Native to the Himalayas.

 

Publications

  • Glen, H.F. 2002. Cultivated Plants of Southern Africa. Jacana, Johannesburg.