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Genus: Barleria
Life
> eukaryotes >
Archaeoplastida >
Chloroplastida
>
Charophyta > Streptophytina > Plantae (land plants)
> Tracheophyta (vascular plants) > Euphyllophyta > Lignophyta (woody plants)
> Spermatophyta (seed plants) > Angiospermae (flowering
plants)
> Eudicotyledons > Core Eudicots > Asterids > Euasterid I > Order: Lamiales
> Family: Acanthaceae
About 250 species, found worldwide but mainly in the tropics.
Sixty-eight species are native to southern Africa, and two species are
cultivated in the region.
Species native to southern Africa
List from
Plants
of Southern Africa - an Online Checklist (SANBI),
Flora of Zimbabwe
and Flora of
Mozambique.
Barleria affinis
Perennial shrub growing to 1.2 m high.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West), Botswana, Zimbabwe
See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria albo-pilosa
Perennial herb growing to 0.8 m high.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia;
Botswana |
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Barleria albostellata (Grey
Barleria)
Grysbarleria [Afrikaans]
Perennial shrub growing to 2 m high. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Limpopo), Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe, Joffe (2001: 143).
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Barleria argillicola
Perennial dwarf shrub / herb, growing to a height of 0.3
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal.
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Barleria aromatica
Native to Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe |
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Barleria bechuanensis
Perennial herb growing to 0.2 m high.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape, Free State.
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Barleria bolusii
Perennial herb growing to 0.2 m high.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo, North West, Gauteng.
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Barleria bremekampii
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to a height of 1.5
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo, North West.
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Barleria capitata
Recorded from Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria crassa
Recorded from Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria crossandriformis (Orange
crossandra) Perennial shrub or herb, growing to a height of 1.2 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West), Swaziland,
Zimbabwe, Mozambique.
See Pooley (1998: 76).
See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria cyanea
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 1 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria damarensis
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 0.55
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria dinteri
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 1.35
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Gauteng; Swaziland; Botswana; Namibia.
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Barleria dolomiticola
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.3 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo.
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Barleria elegans (White Bushveld
Barleria)
umhlalulwane [Zulu] Perennial shrub or herb, growing to height of
1.8 m. See Pooley (1998: 198). Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Swaziland), Namibia, Zimbabwe,
Mozambique.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria eylesii
Recorded from Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria galpinii
Perennial s hrub or herb, growing to height of 1 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Namibia; Botswana.
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Barleria greenii (Green's Barleria, Wild Bush
Petunia) Perennial shrub, growing to height of 1.8 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal. See Pooley
(1998: 436); link: Barleria
greenii (PlantzAfrica.com).
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Barleria gueinzii Perennial shrub or herb, growing to height of 1.2
m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Swaziland,
Mozambique.
See Pooley (1998: 488).
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Barleria hirta
Recorded from Zimbabwe and Mozambique. See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria holubii
Perennial shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.6 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Mpumalanga, Limpopo), Zimbabwe.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria irritans
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.35 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape, Western Cape, Eastern Cape.
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Barleria jasminiflora
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.2 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Eastern Cape.
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Barleria jubata Perennial dwarf shrub growing to height of 0.6
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria kaloxytona
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.45 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria kirkii
Native to Zimbabwe, Mozambique. See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria lanceolata
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 0.8
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria lancifolia Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, growing to
height of 1.5 m. See Pooley (1998: 488).
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West,
Gauteng), Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria lichtensteiniana
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.4 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape; Namibia. |
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Barleria lugardii
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to a height of 0.7
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo; Botswana; Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique.
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Barleria mackenii
Perennial shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.75 m. Distribution in
southern Africa: South Africa (Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Botswana; Namibia),
Zimbabwe |
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Barleria macrostegia
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.5 m. Distribution in southern
Africa: South Africa > Northern Cape, Free State, Mpumalanga, Gauteng,
North West, Limpopo; Botswana; Namibia, Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria matopensis
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.4 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Limpopo), Zimbabwe.
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Barleria media
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.1 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape.
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Barleria meeuseana
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 0.9 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria megalosiphon
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.15 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Botswana; Namibia.
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Barleria merxmuelleri
Perennial dwarf shrub growing to height of 0.5 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria meyeriana Perennial shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.9
m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Swaziland.
See Pooley (1998: 488).
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Barleria molensis
Recorded from Zimbabwe. See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria monticola Perennial herb growing to height of 0.45 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal, Free State. See Pooley (1998: 490).
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Barleria natalensis
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.75
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal.
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Barleria obtusa (Bush
violet)
Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, growing to
height of 1 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West,
Gauteng; Swaziland. |
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Barleria ovata
Perennial herb growing to a height of 0.8 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga; Swaziland.
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Barleria oxyphylla
Perennial herb growing to height of 0.4 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga; Swaziland.
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Barleria papillosa
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height of 0.9
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape; Namibia.
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Barleria pretoriensis
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to height
of 0.9 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Gauteng, North West; Botswana.
See van Wyk & Malan (1997: 32).
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Barleria prionitis [= Barleria
ameliae, Barleria delagoensis, Barleria prionitoides]
Perennial plant, only slightly woody at the base (i.e. a
suffrutex). Grows to a height of 0.6 m high. Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia,
Zimbabwe, Mozambique.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria pungens
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.45
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Western Cape, Eastern Cape.
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Barleria randii
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.3 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (North West), Botswana, Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria rehmannii
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.3 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo, Gauteng; Swaziland.
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Barleria repens (Small Bush Violet)
Bosviooltjie, Kleinbosviooltjie [Afrikaans] Perennial shrub, herb or climber, growing to height of
1.5 m. See Pooley (1998: 76); Joffe (2001: 145). Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Mozambique.
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Barleria rhodesiaca
Native to Zimbabwe.
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Barleria rigida
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to a height of 0.8
m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Northern Cape, Free State; Botswana; Namibia.
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Barleria rogersii
Perennial dwarf shrub growing to height of 0.6 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo; Namibia.
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Barleria rotundifolia (Spiny
Yellow Barleria, Thorny Bush Violet, Yellow Barleria)
Geelbarleria [Afrikaans]
Perennial shrub or dwarf shrub, growing to a height of 2 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Limpopo, Mpumalanga.
See Joffe (2001: 146).
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Barleria saxatilis
Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, growing to a height
of 1.5 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Swaziland.
See Pooley (1998: 490).
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Barleria scindens
Native to Zimbabwe.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria senensis
Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, growing to a height
of 1.5 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa (Mpumalanga, Limpopo; Botswana), Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique. See
Flora of Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria solitaria
Perennial dwarf shrub growing to height of 0.5 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria spinulosa Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, growing to
a height of 1 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South Africa, Zimbabwe.
See
Flora of Zimbabwe.
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Barleria stimulans
Skerpioenbos [Afrikaans] See Shearing & van Heerden (1994: 140).
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Barleria taitensis
Recorded from Zimbabwe. |
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Barleria transvaalensis
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.5 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga, Limpopo. |
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Barleria ukamensis
Native to Mozambique but not sure whether it occurs in southern
Mozambique, which is the part of this country that is included in
southern Africa as defined here.
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Barleria violacea
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.2 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: Namibia.
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Barleria virgula
Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of 0.4 m.
Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Gauteng; Botswana.
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Barleria wilmsiana Perennial dwarf shrub or herb, growing to height of
0.6 m. Distribution in southern Africa: South
Africa > KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga.
See Pooley (1998: 490).
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Other species, cultivated in southern Africa
List from
Glen (2002).
Barleria involucrata
Native to India. |
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Barleria lupulina
Native from India to Mauritius. |
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Publications
- Balkwill, M.-J. & Balkwill, K. 1994. Systematic
studies in the Acanthaceae: Barleria: the problem of
subdivision. In: J.H. Seyani & A.C. Chikuni (eds),
Proceedings of the 13th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Vol.
2: 1257–1267.
- Balkwill, M.-J. & Balkwill, K. 1996. Problems with
generic delimitation and subdivision in a large genus, Barleria L. (Acanthaceae). In:
The biodiversity of African
plants. Proceedings of the 14th AETFAT Congress.
Kluwer Academic Publications, Dordrecht.
- Balkwill, M.-J. & Balkwill, K. 1997. Delimitation
and infrageneric classification of Barleria (Acanthaceae).
Kew Bulletin 52: 1–39.
- Balkwill, M.-J. & Balkwill, K. 1998. A preliminary
analysis of distribution patterns in a large pantropical
genus, Barleria (Acanthaceae). Journal of Biogeography
25: 95–110.
- Balkwill, M.-J., Balkwill, K. & Vincent, P.L.D.
1990. Systematic studies in the Acanthaceae: a new
species of Barleria from Natal. South African Journal of
Botany 56: 571–576.
- Balkwill, M.-J., Stalmans, M.C. & Balkwill, K.
1992. Systematic studies in the Acanthaceae: a new
species of Barleria from the northeastern Transvaal,
with some notes on its ecology. South African Journal of
Botany 58: 286–291.
- Joffe, P.
2001. Creative Gardening with Indigenous Plants. A South African Guide.
Briza Publications, Pretoria.
- Obermeyer, A.A. 1933. A revision of the South
African species of Barleria. Annals of the Transvaal Museum
15,2: 123-180.
- Pooley, E. 1998. A Field Guide
to Wild Flowers KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Region. Natal Flora
Publications Trust, Durban.
- Shearing,
D. & van Heerden, K. 1994. Karoo. South African Wild Flower Guide 6. Botanical Society of Southern
Africa, Kirstenbosch.
- van Wyk, B. &
Malan, S. 1997. Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of the Highveld. 2nd
edition. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.
- Welman, W.G. 2003. Acanthaceae. In
Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds), Plants of southern Africa: an
annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 92-106. National Botanical
Institute, Pretoria.
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