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the web of life in southern Africa

Genus: Didemnum

Life > Eukaryotes > Opisthokonta > Metazoa (animals) > Bilateria > Deuterostomia > Chordata > Tunicata > Ascidiacea (sea squirts) > Aplousobranchia > Family: Didemnidae

A total of 229 known species worldwide, with 14 of them recorded from southern African seas. 

Species native to southern Africa

Information from Monniot et al. (2001), unless otherwise indicated. Didemnum karlae and Didemnum velans are doubtful records and therefore excluded from the list. Global figures are from World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS).

Didemnum aures

Recorded from the intertidal zone at Port Elizabeth and further west along the coast near Sedgefield.

 

Didemnum brevioris

Distribution includes the West Indian Ocean, including Tanzania and South Africa.

 

Didemnum epikelp

Recorded in the intertidal zone from Gerickespunt, near Sedgefield (Western Cape), South Africa.

 

Didemnum globiferum

Recorded in the intertidal zone from Kommetjie on the Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, South Africa.

 

Didemnum granulatum

A near cosmopolitan species, recorded from the Western Pacific (including Japan, Fiji, New Caledonia, Australia, Polynesia and Hong Kong), the Indian Ocean (including South Africa, Mozambique and Tanzania), the Red Sea, and off Brazil in the Atlantic Ocean.

Didemnum leopardi

Recorded from Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, at a depth of 14-15 m.

 

Didemnum mesembrinum

Recorded in the intertidal zone at Knysna and Fish Hoek, Western Cape, South Africa.

 

Didemnum millari

Recorded in the intertidal zone and subtidally on both sides of the Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, South Africa.

 

Didemnum molle (Green urn ascidian)

Widely distributed in tropical waters of the Indian and western Pacific oceans, where it is common on coral reefs. Touches into South Africa at Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, where it has been collected at a depth of 15 m. Presumably also occurs on the Mozambican coastline.

Didemnum obscuratum

Recorded from Dakar, Bahrain, Seychelles, New Caledonia, and there is a tentative identification of specimens from Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

 

Didemnum psammatode

[= Didemnum psammathodes]

Widely distributed, including the Atlantic Ocean from the Caribbean to Brazil, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, as far south as KwaZulu-Natal.

 

Didemnum rodriguesi

This species has a broad distribution, with records from Brazil, New Caledonia and South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal). Occurs from the intertidal zone down to a depth of about 22 m.

 

Didemnum stilense

Recorded from the Cape, South Africa. Description inadequate.

 

Didemnum yolki

West Indian Ocean, including Mozambique and Tanzania.

 

Publications

  • Monniot C, Monniot F and Griffiths CL. 2001. South African ascidians. Annals of the South African Museum 108(1): 1-141.

Text by Hamish Robertson