Amoebozoa Life
> Eukaryotes
The term "amoeba" is nowadays recognised as representing a
type of cellular organisation, rather that a monophyletic group. An amoeba has only one cell (unicellular) and is characterised by the way it
moves by squeezing its protoplasm into temporary leg-like extensions called
pseudopodia.
Classification
Acramoeba |
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Archamoebae |
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Entamoebidae |
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Entamoeba
Members of this genus are internal parasites or commensals of animals.
Entamoeba histolitica causes the death of 50 000 to 100 000 people
annually. |
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Endolimax |
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Iodamoeba |
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Mastigamoebidae |
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Mastigamoeba |
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Mastigella |
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Pelomyxidae |
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Pelomyxa
Single-celled. Have no mitochondria but instead have symbiotic bacteria that
seem to perform a similar function thus illustrating how mitochondria might
have started out prior to their total integration into the cellular
machinery. |
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unplaced Archamoebae |
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Rhizomastix |
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Centramoebida |
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Acanthamoebidae
Formerly classified in the Rhizopoda (amastigote amoebas), which has now
been disbanded because it is polyphyletic. |
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Acanthamoeba |
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Comandonia |
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Protacanthamoeba |
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Balamuthiidae |
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Balamuthia |
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Flabellinea [=Discosea]
A group of free-living amoebae that can be found in freshwater and marine
habitats, as well as in soil. |
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Dactylopodida |
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Paramoebidae |
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Korotnevella |
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Mayorella |
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Paramoeba |
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Squamamoeba |
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Vexilliferidae |
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Neoparamoeba |
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Pseudoparamoeba |
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Vexillifera |
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Flamella |
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Thecamoebidae |
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Dermamoeba |
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Paradermamoeba |
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Sappinia |
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Stenamoeba |
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Thecamoeba |
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Vannellidae |
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Clydonella |
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Lingulamoeba |
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Pessonella |
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Platyamoeba |
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Vannella |
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Vermistella |
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Himatismenida |
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Cochliopodiidae |
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Cochliopodium |
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Ovalopodium |
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Goceviidae |
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Gocevia |
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Parvamoeba |
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Multicilia |
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Mycetozoa |
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Dictyosteliida (dictyostelid cellular slime molds) |
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Acytostelium |
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Dictyostelium |
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Polysphondylium |
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Hyperamoeba |
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Myxogastria (plasmodial slime molds) |
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Liceales |
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Cribrariaceae |
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Cribraria |
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Dictydium |
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Lindbladia |
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Enteridiidae |
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Lycogala |
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Liceidae |
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Kelleromyxa |
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Reticulariaceae |
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Tubifera |
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Tubiferaceae |
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Enteridium |
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Tubulifera |
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Myxogastromycetidae |
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Echinosteliales |
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Clastodermataceae |
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Barbeyella |
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Clastoderma |
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Echinosteliidae |
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Echinostelium |
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Semimorula |
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Physariida |
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Didymiaceae |
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Diderma |
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Didymium |
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Lepidoderma |
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Mucilago |
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Pseudodidymium |
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Elaeomyxaceae |
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Elaeomyxa |
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Physaraceae |
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Badhamia |
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Craterium |
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Fuligo |
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Leocarpus |
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Physarella |
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Physarum |
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Protophysarum |
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Stemonitida |
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Diacheopsis |
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Macbrideola |
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Stemonitidae |
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Amaurochaete |
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Brefeldia |
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Colloderma |
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Comatricha |
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Diachea |
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Enerthenema |
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Lamproderma |
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Meriderma |
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Paradiacheopsis |
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Stemonaria |
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Stemonitis |
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Stemonitopsis |
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Symphytocarpus |
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Trichiida |
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Dianemataceae |
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Dianema |
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Trichiidae |
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Arcyria |
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Hemitrichia |
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Metatrichia |
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Perichaena |
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Trichia |
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Protosteliales |
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Cavosteliaceae |
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Cavostelium |
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Ceratiomyxella |
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Planoprotostelium |
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Protosporangium |
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Ceratiomyxaceae |
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Ceratiomyxa |
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Protosteliaceae |
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Clastostelium |
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Endostelium |
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Nematostelium |
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Protosteliopsis |
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Protostelium |
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Schizoplasmodiopsis |
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Schizoplasmodium |
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Soliformovum |
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Tychosporium |
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Phalansterium |
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Stereomyxa |
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Tubulinea (lobose amoebae) |
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Arcellinida (testate lobose amoebae)
The classification of this group is confused and I have resorted to simply
listing the genera, based on information from
NCBI Taxonomy Browser,
Microworld website and from Lahr et al. (2013). |
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Alocodera |
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Amphizonella |
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Antarcella |
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Apodera |
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Arcella |
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Argynnia |
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Awerintzewia |
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Bullinularia |
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Centropyxis |
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Centropyxiella |
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Certesella |
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Collaripyxidia |
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Cornuapyxis |
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Cryptodifflugia |
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Cucurbitella |
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Cyclopyxis |
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Difflugia |
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Diplochlamys |
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Distomatopyxis |
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Ellipsopyxis |
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Ellipsopyxella |
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Geamphorella |
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Geoplagiopyxis |
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Geopyxella |
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Heleopera
In the phylogeny of Lahr et al. (2013),
Heleopera is not monophyletic with the rest of Arcellinida, so I have
taken it out. |
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Hoogenradia |
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Hyalosphenia |
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Jungia |
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Lagenodifflugia |
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Lamtopyxis |
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Lamtoquadrula |
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Leptochlamys |
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Lesquereusia |
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Maghrebia |
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Microchlamys |
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Microcorycia |
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Microquadrula |
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Nebela
Polyphyletic in classification by Lahr et al.
(2013). |
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Netzelia
Sister group of Arcella in classification by Lahr
et al. (2013). |
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Oopyxis |
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Padaungiella |
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Paracentropyxis |
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Paraquadrula |
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Parmulina |
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Penardochlamys |
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Pentagonia |
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Phryganella |
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Physochila |
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Plagiopyxis |
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Planhoogenradia |
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Pomoriella |
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Pontigulasia |
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Porosia |
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Proplagiopyxis |
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Protocucurbitella |
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Protoplagiopyxis |
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Pseudawerintzewia |
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Pseudonebela |
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Pyxidicula |
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Quadrulella |
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Sexangularia |
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Schoenbornia |
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Schwabia |
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Spumochlamys |
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Suiadifflugia |
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Trichosphaerium |
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Trigonopyxis |
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Wailesella |
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Zivkovicia |
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Zonomyxa |
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Tubulinida (including
Poseidonida)
Based on the phylogeny of Lahr et al. (2013), I have collapsed Amoebidae,
Hartmannellidae and Poseidonida into this monophyletic group because of
various phylogenetic issues with keeping these groups separate. Tubulinida
as defined here is the sister group of Arcellinida. |
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Amoeba |
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Cashia |
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Chaos |
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Copromyxa |
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Deuteramoeba |
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Gephyramoeba |
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Glaeseria |
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Hartmannella |
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Hydramoeba |
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Metachaos |
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Nolandella |
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Parachaos |
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Polychaos |
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Saccamoeba |
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Trichamoeba |
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Vermamoeba |
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Echinamoeboidea |
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Echinamoeba |
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Filamoeba |
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Gephyramoeba |
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Leptomyxida |
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Flabellula |
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Gephyramoeba |
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Leptomyxa |
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Paraflabellula |
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Rhizamoeba |
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Ripidomyxa |
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Stereomyxida
Two genera: Corallomyxa and Stereomyxa, both of which are
marine. Corallomyxa is a large reticulate amoeba that has been found
in tidal pools. Stereomyxa is an amoeba with long slender branches. |
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Eumycetozoa
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Unplaced
Genera: Filamoeba, Gocevia, Hartmannia, Janickia, Malamoeba,
Malpigamoeba, Multicilia, and Stygamoeba. |
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Unplaced (Spongomonadida)
Genera: Phalansterium, Rhipidodendron, and Spongomonas. |
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Publications
-
Adl, S.M., Simpson, A.G., Farmer, M.A., Andersen, R.A.,
Anderson, O.R., Barta, J.R., Bowser, S.S., Brugerolle, G., Fensome, R.A.,
Fredericq, S., James, T.Y., Karpov, S., Kugrens, P., Krug, J., Lane, C.E.,
Lewis, L.A., Lodge, J., Lynn, D.H., Mann, D.G., McCourt, R.M., Mendoza, L.,
Moestrup, Ø., Mozley-Standridge, S.E., Nerad, T.A., Shearer, C.A., Smirnov,
A.V., Spiegel, F.W. and Taylor, M.F.J.R. 2005. The new higher level
classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists.
Eukaryote Microbiology 52(5): 399-451.
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